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To access the contents, click the chapter and section titles.
Oracle Performance Tuning and Optimization
UNIXThe UNIX operating system is probably the most configurable of the clients described in this chapter. Even so, there is not very much you can configure to support client applications. As with the other OSes described in this chapter, with UNIX, it is important to make sure that you have the proper resources to run your applications. The UNIX operating system requires more resources than Windows or Windows for Workgroups. The resources required to effectively run UNIX are somewhere between the resources required for Windows 95 and Windows NT. A PC UNIX system such as UnixWare or SCO UNIX needs a minimum of 16M of RAM and provides excellent performance with 32M of RAM. MemoryAs with the other operating systems described in this chapter, probably the most important factor with UNIX is the availability of memory. You should eliminate unnecessary processes and reduce other overhead. For the client OS, file-system buffers can be slightly reduced to allow for more user memory. Because reducing file-system buffers may slow down program loading, test this change carefully. With the UNIX operating system, you can monitor memory usage by using sar or any of the graphical monitoring tools that may come with your OS. NetworkAs you must do for the other systems described in this chapter, you should remove any unnecessary UNIX network protocols to reduce memory and CPU overhead. Monitor the network and increase stream resources if necessary. By reducing network overhead, you can increase the applications performance.
HardwareThroughout this chapter, the recurring theme has been the availability of system memory. With client applications, the performance of the system is determined by three main factors. These factors, in order of importance, are as follows:
If you have sufficient resources and the application is optimized, your application should run as fast as the CPU can process it. When this is the case, the only way to run faster is to upgrade your processing power. When upgrading computer resources, many people mistakenly upgrade their CPU. Memory is the prime cause of performance bottlenecks. If you are having client performance problems, check the system memory first. If you dont have sufficient memory resources, a faster CPU cannot improve performance. SummaryThis chapter looked at the client system from the perspectives of the OS and hardware. You have seen that system resources can be a problem if they are not sufficient for the required task; you also learned about some upgrade alternatives. When upgrading your system, consider upgrading your software and application as well as your hardware. If you upgrade to a 32-bit operating system with additional features, you not only achieve a more robust system, you reap other benefits of a newer OS. Keep in mind, however, that you may have to increase the amount of memory in your system to support the new OS. If you upgrade your client hardware, make sure that you upgrade the correct components. Upgrading a CPU in a system with a memory bottleneck will not improve performance. You may find that with a little more memory, system performance is greatly improved.
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